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History Of Iron Ore

Our science books are full of successfulof money after he continued his work on the
inventions of Thomas Edison like electricity,phonograph  and  motion  pictures  etc.
phonograph and many others, but there is
hardly any mention about his failures. One ofIt was a challenging task for both Edison and
his most peculiar failures was his lack ofthe American economy to find an economic way
ability to find an effective way to excavateto produce steel at cheaper rates. After 1840
iron  ore.the American iron industry was going thru a
resurgence as American was not one of the
If he had been successful in excavating ironmajor  steel  producer  in  the  world.
ore, he would have been a billionaire at that
time and the possibilities that would haveIn 1844, government surveyors traced huge
been generated after excavation like creationdeposits of iron ore of anthracite in the
of millions of jobs, and many otherGreat Lakes area. After this Pennsylvania
inventions.became known as America's largest supplier of
iron  and  steel.
Iron is the most economical of all the metals
available for mining, and yet at the sameA British engineer named Henry Bessemer
time is of no use in its pure form. Pure Ironinvented a process for steel extraction
is very delicate and cannot be used toprocess. He accomplished the incomplete task
manufacture any products. It is silver inof Thomas Edison. He devised an iron smelting
color in its pure form. Its gets its grayprocess thur which it was feasible to produce
color after it is combined with oxygen. Ironlarge quantities of steel. This process is
can not be put any practical application instill  used by some manufacturers even today.
its  pure  form.
His invention was quite inexpensive and
Hence it was important that an effectiveprovided an efficient process to produce
extraction process was discovered. For tensteel from iron ore. But still a refined
years, from 1880 to 1890, Edison carried outprocess was invented by Abram S. Hewitt who
many experiments, hired the services ofeven improved on Bessemer process of Andrew
scientists, to find a novel way to extractCarnegie. He soon became a steel tycoon that
iron ore. He was doing this to extract ironby his improved process of developing the
ore  for  the  Pennsylvania  steel  mills.open-hearth converter and his process was
preferred over that of Bessemer by American
He shifted from his comfortable office tosteel  manufacturers.
work in the old iron mines to look for an
economical way to meet with the growingThe American steel industry was
demand of steel . His experiments of testingrevolutionised with the invention of low cost
and processing were getting very expensivesteel production. American Industry was now
and he had to sell all his stock in Generalthe leader in the world in steel production.
Electric to fund his invention. His heirsIn 1873 alone, America produced nearly
must  be  regretting his decision even today.115,000 tons of steel. It was now possible
to use steel in many industries because of
Edison could not succeed to extract the ironfall  in  its  prices.
from unusable, low grade ores. He had to
finally abandon this project. He could neverAutomotive industry in America is the major
recover his money that he had put in this(nearly 70%) user of finished steel in
project. Later on however, he a earned lotAmerica.



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